Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
• Joined INC during Swadeshi Movement.
• President of Khilafat Committee. Presided over the Congress Special Session at Delhi in 1923, to become the youngest President. Also the longest-serving President of INC.
• He headed the Jamiat-ul-Ulema (1924), Nationalist Muslim Conference, Shimla Conference (1945) and negotiated with Cabinet Mission, 1946.
• Elected as the member of Constituent Assembly in 1946 and became Minister of Education and Arts in the Interim Government.
• First Education Minister of Independent India. Also given the portfolios of natural resources and scientific research.
• Contributed in the foundation of UGC, AICTE and IIT Kharagpur.
• Book – ‘India Wins Freedom’.
Mukhtar Ahmed Ansari
• He participated in Home Rule Movement, NCM and Khilafat Movement.
• He was elected as the General Secretary of Congress in 1927 and President over the All Parties Conference and convention in 1928.
• He also helped in the establishment of Jamia Millia Islamia in 1920.
Madam Bhikaji Cama
• She was a freedom fighter from Mumbai.
• She participated in the Socialist Congress at Stuttgart in 1907.
• She founded the Free India Society and the Bande Mataram.
Madan Lal Dhingra
• A revolutionary from Punjab, he was the member of Indian Home Rule Society, the Abhinav Bharata and the India Houses.
• He was sentenced to death for assassinating Sir William Curzon Wyllie, an Advisor to the Secretary of State of India during a public function in the Imperial Institute, London.
Madan Mohan Malaviya
• A moderate leader and a lawyer by profession, he served the provincial and central legislature for many terms.
• Through his efforts a memorial was built at the Jallianwala Bagh site.
• He founded the Nationalist Party in 1926.
• He was appointed as the Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University.
• He served as the editor of Hindustan, Abyudaya and the Indian Union.
Margaret Elizabeth Noble
• An Irish lady, Elizabeth met Vivekananda in 1890 and inspired by him, she joined the Ramakrishna Mission and became a nun. She worked as a social-it reformer for the upliftment of women. She organized relief works during the plague epidemic in 1899 and during the Bengal famine of 1905. She wrote the articles—The Master as I Saw Him and The Web of Indian Life.
Motilal Nehru
• A lawyer by profession, Motilal became an active supporter of the Home Rule Movement in 1916 and started the journal ‘The Independent'.
• He headed the Congress Commission looking into the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
• He gave up his practice during NCM and was arrested while following the visit of Prince Wales.
• He founded the Swarajya Party along with CR Das.
• He had renamed Anand Bhawan as the Swaraj Bhawan and gifted it to the Congress.
Muhammad Iqbal
• He was a renowned poet and a lawyer by profession.
• He joined Muslim League and presided over its Allahabad Session in 1930.
• He was the first person to give the idea of a separate Muslim State.
• He composed the song, “Share Jahan Se Achha.”
Mohammad Ali Jinnah
• He was inspired by the ideas or Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
• In 1906, he signed a memorandum against separate electorates for Muslims.
• Joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913 and played a major role in signing or Lucknow Pact.
• In 1917, joined the Home Rule Movement of Annie Besant.
• His differences with Congress began after the entry of Gandhiji in Congress. He opposed the NCM of Gandhiji.
• In 1929, he proposed his Fourteen Point Demands.
• Lahore Session of Muslim League (194o) passed the “Pakistan Resolution” demanding for a separate state for Muslims. Jinnah stuck to League's demand in all the negotiations with Britain, and finally, Pakistan was formed.
• He became the first Governor-General of Pakistan.
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