Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)
§ Disaster risk reduction is the concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through systematic efforts to analyse and reduce the causal factors of disasters.
§ Pre-Disaster risk reduction includes-
o Mitigation: To eliminate or reduce the impacts and risks of hazards through proactive measures taken before an emergency or disaster occurs.
o Preparedness: To take steps to prepare and reduce the effects of disasters.
§ Post-Disaster risk reduction includes-
o Rescue: Providing warning, evacuation, search, rescue, providing immediate assistance.
o Relife: To respond to communities who become victims of disaster, providing relief measures such as food packets, water, medicines, temporary accommodation, relief camps etc.
o Recovery: This stage emphasises upon recovery of victims of disaster, recovery of damaged infrastructure and repair of the damages caused.
Challenges in Disaster Risk Reduction
§ There are insufficient levels of implementation for each monitored activity. For example, Disaster risk management plans or a risk sensitive building codes exist but they are not enforced because of a lack of government capacity or public awareness.
§ There is lack of local capacities to implement disaster risk management. Weak capacity at the local levels undermines the implementation Disaster preparedness plans.
§ Absence of integration of climate change into Disaster risk management plans.
§ There is divergence of obtaining political and economic commitments due to other competing needs and priorities such as poverty reduction, social welfare, education etc. require greater attention and funding.
§ Due to poor coordination between stakeholders, there is inadequate access with respect to risk assessment, monitoring, early warning, disaster response and other Disaster related activities.
§ Insufficient investment in building disaster resilient strategies, also private sector are least contributors in the share of investment.
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