• He was a famous revolutionary activist, member of the Hindustan Republican Association and leader of the Hindustan Social Republican Army.
• He gained his title “Azad” during the Non Co-operation Movement when he was arrested and the court asked his name, he repeatedly answered “Azad”.
• He was involved in the following:-
1) Kakori Conspiracy of 1925.
2) Lahore Conspiracy.
3) The Delhi Conspiracy.
4) Killing of Saunders in Lahore
5) Central Assembly bomb episode.
• He shot himself while fighting with the police at Alfred Park in Allahabad.
C. Rajagopalachari
• He was a politician and lawyer from Tamil Nadu.
• He gave up his practice during NCM.
• He held the post of the General-Secretary of the INC in 1921-1922 and was a member of Congress Working Committee from 1922 to 1924.
• He hoisted the CDM in Tamil Nadu* and was arrested for leading a Salt March from Trichinopoly to Vedaranniyam on the Tanjore coast.
• He was elected as the Chief Minister of Madras in 1937 Elections.
• He resigned from INC in 1942 for not accepting the Cripp’s Proposal.
• He prepared the "CR Formula" * for Congress-League Co-operation.
• He served as the Governor of Bengal (August-November 1947) and was the first and last Indian Governor-General of India* (1948-50).
• He became the Minister of Home Affairs in the country’s first Cabinet.
• He founded the Swatantra Party in 1959*.
• His rational ideas are reflected in the collection Satyameva Jayate.
• He was awarded the ‘Bharat Ratna'* in 1954.
CR Das
• A lawyer by profession, he defended Aurobindo in the Alipur Bomb Conspiracy case.*
• He was the member of the Congress Enquiry Committee set up to look into Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
• He founded the All India Swaraj Party in 1923.*
• He was elected as the first Mayor of the Calcutta Co-operation in 1924.
• He prepared the "Das Formula" *for Hindu-Muslim Co-operation.
• He was nicknamed as Deshbandhu* Chittaranjan.
• His works include the following:-
1) Malancha (poems)
2) Mala
3) Kishore-Kishoree
4) Sagar-Sangit
5) Antaryami
• Newspapers/Journal- Narayana (Bengali monthly) and Forward.
Dadabhai Naoroji
• First to demand ‘Swaraj” *in the Calcutta Session of INC, 1906.
• Title — “Indian Gladstone”, “Grand Old Man of lndia’.*
• First Indian to be selected to the “House of Commons” on Liberal Party ticket.*
• He highlighted the draining of wealth* from India by the British and its effect in his book “Poverty and un-British Rule in India “(1901).*
Dr Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
• Leader of the depressed class and an eminent jurist.
• He founded the Depressed Classes Institute (1924)* and Samaj Samata Sangh (1927)*.
• He set up a network college in the name of Peoples Education Society.*
• Participated in all the Three Round Table Conferences* and signed the Poona Pact with Gandhiji in 1932.*
• He was in the Governor General's Executive Council from 1942 to 1946 and organized the Indian Labour Party* and Scheduled Caste Federation*.
• Chairman of the Drafting Committee of Indian Constitution.***
• As the first Law Minister of Independent India*, he introduced the Hindu Code Bill.*
• He started ‘The Republican Party’ in 1956.*
• Towards the end of his life, he embraced Buddhism.
Dr Rajendra Prasad
• Participated in the following:-
1) Swadeshi Movement (established Bihari Students, Conference)
2) Champaran Satyagrah
3) NCM
4) CDM
5) Quit India Movement.
• Founded the National College at Patna.*
• Minister in charge or Food and Agriculture in the Interim Government *(1946).
• President of the Constituent Assembly.*
• First President of the Indian Republic.*
• Honoured with ‘Bharat Ratna' in 1962.*
• Newspaper — Desh (Hindi weekly).
Dr Zakir Hussain
• An educationist and nationalist from Hyderabad, Hussain was the student of Mohammedan Anglo-Oriented College at Aligarh.
• He was appointed as the Vice-Chancellor of Jamia University at the age of 29 years.
• In 1937, he participated in the National Conference on Education in Wardha.
• He was elected to the post of vice-Chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University in 1948 and was selected to the executive board of the UNESCO*.
• He served as the 3rd President of Indian Union* and was honoured with Bharat Ratna in 1963.*
• He translated Plato’s Republic and Edwin Cannan’s Elementary Political Economy also wrote a book titled Die Botschaft des Mahatma Gandhi in German. The Dynamic University contains his addresses during the convocation ceremonies. He also wrote a book on short stories for children, named Ruqayya Rehana.
Dhondo Keshav Karve
• A social reformer and educationalist who worked for the upliftment of women.
• He founded the Vidhva Vivahottejak Mandali (Society for the promotion of widow remarriage) in 1893 which was named as Vidhwa Vivaha Pratibandh Nivarak Mandali in 1895.
• Other institutions include-
1) Mahisasuramardini (home for widows)
2) Mahila Vidyalaya.
3) Nishkam Karma Math Monastery of Disinterested Work .
4) Indian Women’s University
5) Samata Sangh
• He was awarded Padma Vibhushan' and ‘Bharat Ratna*
Dinbandhu Mitra
• He was a Bengali writer who highlighted the cause of Indigo planters through his play ‘Neel Darpan Natakam’*, published in 1860.
• The play was translated in English by Madhu Sudan Dutt.
Durgabai Deshmukh
• She was popularly known as “Iron Lady.”
• She organized Salt Satyagrah during CDM in Madras and was imprisoned.
• She was a member of the Constituent Assembly.
• She was awarded the Tamrapatra and Paul Hoffman Award after independence in recognition to her service to the society.
• Her social works include the establishment of
1) Andhra Mahila Sabha (1941)
2) Andhra Education Society
3) Sri Venkateswar College in the Delhi University
4) Central Society welfare Board
• She also edited the journal Andhra Mahila.
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